Purpose: 2003, Advances in medical-surgical technologies, histo-compatibility and immunosuppressive drugs, such as FK-506, MMF, have caused a dramatic increase in the rates of successful organ transplantation (TP). As the waiting list of patients requiring TP grows, there is a subtle donation. What is worse, its increased issues of ethics, for instance, definition of brain death, consent of living donation, paid organ donation, decreased altruism, living will, justice of sharing organ. Therefore, This study was done to develop on legal, ethical and philosophical for whole procedure of organ transplantation which is a life-saving treatment improvement the quality of life.
Methods: A survey questionnaire was used and received responses from TP doctors(59) and nursing coordinators(46) at 53 hospitals where TP were being done for this study. The basic data in TP were collected, 1) to identity the staffs in charge of TP and their jobs in the hospital, 2) committee of hospital ethics (CHE), 3) committee of brain death confirmation definition (CBDCD), 4) to research what consideration are appropriate donors and recipients, 5) the facility of hospital for TP, 6) to analyzed awaiting solution the problems for TP. The data were analyzed using SAS-program by descriptive statistics,t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: The jobs of TP nursing coordinators were not only to give nursing information but also to take care of donors and recipients (62.8~84.4%). The job of TP has not been identified between CHE and CBDCD (62.8%). The mean score of CHE’s members was 6.33 persons. The mean scores of the problems regarding the law of TP was 2.88 (full score:4). The high items of the problems regarding the law of TP were "the decreased TP, donation and brain death because of KONOS (Korea Network for Orgen Sharing) which operated TP". The mean score of the improvements regarding the law of TP was 2.97 (full score:4). The highest item of the improvements regarding the law of TP was "Compensation of loss should be paid by the KONOS. The procedure of confirm is a loose legal. Therefore that is concern about commercialization of human organ. Definition of brain death is rigid regulation. Sharing organs are a fair dealing. The problems were significantly correlated with the improvements (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The finding of the study suggested that a TP should manage donors and recipients in line with legal, ethical, philosophical, humanistic aspects. Various viewpoints, the CHE should be enacted from the principle of human dignity, conducted by CBDCD of professional members and the nursing coordinators played an important role. It is suggested that TP might meet the request of the time so that KONOS should be changed with the other organization of newly methods and responsibility.
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